Foundations play vital part in the building; it will support the superstructure from differential settlement and helps to stabilize the structure from tilting.
These are types of footings that are theoretically applied on the building foundations.
1. Wall footing or Strip Footing
is a continuous strip of concrete that supports non-loadbearing and load bearing wall, stair footing and retaining wall.
are concrete pads that support and distribute the column load directly to an area of soil below the column.
are used to support loads on a single column where the location of the footing is limited to its property line on one of the sides.
4. Combined footings
are used to support two loaded columns. if the support of the two columns are single footings, the concrete pad would run into each other, so the appropriate support to use is rectangular or trapezoidal footings.
is usually used when the location of the column is at the edge of the property line, this footing will require size of concrete pad due to the eccentricity of the load.
6. Strap footings
are to two footings joined by a strap beam. It is usually seen when one of the footings is located at the edge of the property line and the other footing is located at the interior part of the building.
7. Mat or Raft Foundation
is single thick slab that supports the entire structure. This type of foundation is usually used with poor soil conditions to control differential settlement.
8. Pile Caps
is reinforced concrete pad used to distribute column loads to group of piles.
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